Synergistic Effects of GABA and Betaine on Rice Under Salt Stress
1. Introduction Soil salinization is a major abiotic stress limiting agricultural productivity worldwide, particularly in coastal and irrigated regions. Rice as a salt-sensitive crop, is highly vulnerable to elevated salinity levels, especially during seedling and reproductive stages. Salt stress imposes both osmotic stress and ionic toxicity, resulting in impaired physiological metabolism, oxidative damage, and ultimately …
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